Hydroelectric plants generate electricity using the kinetic energy of a quantity of water drawn from the movement of a river (flowing water systems) or stored in a reservoir and released in accordance with the needs of production (plants in the basin).
In a hydroelectric power potential of the mass of water fed through a pressure pipe is converted into mechanical energy from the impeller-turbine group, whose motion in turn is converted into electricity by the alternator group / generator. The energy produced can be immediately used, for example, food industrial, or be placed on the grid, while the water through turbines, without any pollution, is fully returned to its bed further downstream by a natural drainage channel, with no impact on the environment.
The power plant is proportional to the amount of incoming water (flow) and the difference between a levy and the altitude at which water is turbinata (jump). The law in force in Italy leads the standings on the basis of hydraulic installed capacity, whereas small branches with the central power of less than 3,000 kWh and large-scale diversions than those of average power.
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